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Single-strand conformation polymorphism
Single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP), or single-strand ''chain'' polymorphism, is defined as conformational difference of single-stranded nucleotide sequences of identical length as induced by differences in the sequences under certain experimental conditions. This property allows sequences to be distinguished by means of gel electrophoresis, which separates fragments according to their different conformations.〔Masato Orita, Hiroyuki Iwahana, Hiroshi Knazawa, Kenshi Hayashi and Takato Sekiya
Detection of the polymorphisms of human DNA by gelelectrophoresis as single-strand conformation polymorphisms. Proc. Natd.Acad. Sci. USA 86, 2766-2770, 1989.〕
== Physical background ==
A single nucleotide change in a particular sequence, as seen in a double-stranded DNA, cannot be distinguished by electrophoresis, because the physical properties of the double strands are almost identical for both alleles. After denaturation, single-stranded DNA undergoes a 3-dimensional folding and may assume a unique conformational state based on its DNA sequence. The difference in shape between two single-stranded DNA strands with different sequences can cause them to migrate differently on an electrophoresis gel, even though the number of nucleotides is the same, which is, in fact, an application of SSCP.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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